Larynx cancer is a malignant tumor that can affect the vocal cords and adjacent structures. Nearly 99% of laryngeal cancers originate in the mucosa. This cancer’s etiology is unknown, although several factors have been associated it. In the upper airway, some substances (like tobacco) acts like a carcinogenicity and, by itself, is capable of inducing the transformation of normal mucosa cancer. In fact, laryngeal cancers occur almost exclusively in smokers and are rare in nonsmokers. The risk of developing cancer in smokers is 60% – 160% higher compared with nonsmokers. Seeing a throat doctor in Naples can diagnose this issue and potentially save your life.
While alcohol, per se, is not carcinogenic, it does have the synergistic effect of it. There is also a genetic predisposition with viral infections (herpes simplex virus, human papilloma virus) that could cause laryngeal issues. In contrast, the consumption of fruits, vegetables and other foods containing carotenoids that may reduce the risk of cancer. Gastroesophageal reflux and chronic trauma to the vocal chords are classically proposed hypotheses, but there is no convincing evidence of their responsibility in oncogenesis.
Symptoms of laryngeal cancer
Dysphonia typically appears in a latent, progressively worsening case. Fortunately, a change in voice will allow for an early diagnosis. Involvement of the supraglottis (bands or false cords, epiglottis) can present with a clinical swallowing disorder depending on the exact location of the tumor. Discomfort in swallowing, such as pain, the feeling of foreign bodies when swallowing or hoarseness, is usually mild at first. Although vocal cords are not affected at first, the space above them can produce a “nasally” voice. You may have an irritating or persistent cough with bloody sputum and severe disorders concerning swallowing and breathing.
Diagnosis
A palpation of the neck is performed to evaluate the presence of any thyroid cartilage deformation or painful spots, along with the presence of nodes in the neck. The most widely used radiological study of laryngeal cancer is the computed tomography (CT), which allows the doctor to define the size, extent and depth of growth. An MRI can also be done to evaluate early growth or the cartilage. Cartilage, in general, is highly resistant to tumor invasion due to its low vascularization.
There are other methods that a throat doctor in Naples can perform in order to diagnose a patient. However, it is important you seek the advice of a medical professional like Dr. Mark Montgomery before all else.
